On the other hand, the human ability to build relationships with their environment actively it has opened up opportunities for the development of various forms of organization and culture to civilization. Social dynamics that already embody diverse society and world culture, both as a manifestation of social adaptation to local environmental groups as well as the speed of its development.
SOCIETY AND CULTURE INDONESIA
Social and cultural dynamics that plagued the people of Indonesia is no exception, although the broad-spectrum and the speed varies. Similarly, society and culture of Indonesia has grown rapidly in the past, although today's development lagged somewhat when compared with developments in other developed countries. However, the community and the diverse culture of Indonesia was never stagnation as the embodiment of an active community response to the challenges arising from environmental changes in the broad sense and change of generations.
There are a number of forces that drive the social and cultural development of Indonesia. In categorical mmicu there are 2 forces of social change, First Instance, is the power of the community itself (internal factors), such as change of generations and a variety of local discovery and engineering. Second, is the power from outside the community (external factor), such as the influence of contacts between cultures (culture contact) directly or dispersion (elements) of culture and environmental changes which in turn can spur social and cultural development of society must reorganize life them.
No matter how fast or slow development of social culture that hit, and the factor of any cause, any changes will cause a reaction pros and cons of community or nation concerned. The size of the pros and cons of reactions that can threaten the establishment, and even can also lead to social disintegration, especially in multicultural and plural society like Indonesia.
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND CULTURE AT PRESENT
Indonesian society today is experiencing a period of transition that is very powerful as a result of a thorough reform demands. Moderate reform demands that stem from national development activities that apply advanced technologies to accelerate their implementation. On the other hand, without realizing it, the application of advanced technologies that require reference to cultural values, social norms and new orientation. It is not surprising that Indonesia is a plural society with a multi cultural experience was as if kelimbungan in restructuring the social order, politics and culture today.
Application of advanced technologies
Application of advanced technologies to accelerate the national pebangunan 32 years ago has demanded the development of devices cultural values, social norms in addition to labor with less skills and expertise that support the mental attitude. Application of advanced technologies that require costly major capital investment (capital intensive investment); large capital should be managed in a professional (management) in order to bring material benefits as optimal as possible; therefore also require skilled labor and professionals with orientation always to pursue success (achievement orientation).
Unwittingly, this fact, have spurred the development of social order in all sectors of life which in turn has given rise to various reactions pros and cons among the people. In the process of socio-cultural development, it is usually only those who have a variety of socio-political advantages, economies and technologies that will come out as winners in the free competition. Consequently they are not ready to be evicted and the worse off his life, and widen and deepen social inequalities which in turn can lead to social jealousy that increase the potential for conflict sosial.dalam plural society with multiple cultures.
Environmental limitations (scarcity environment)
Application of advanced technology that is expensive and tends to be exploitative expansif in its implementation. To pursue material gain as optimal as possible, heavy machinery is expensive and the cost of care, encourage employers to use it intensively without knowing the time. Clearing dhutan massively without knowing the time of day and night, as well as factory machinery must work continuously and mengoah raw materials into finished goods ready for throwing in the market. Fulfillment of the necessary raw materials has led to pressure on the environment which in turn threatens the lives of people born, raised and developed a life in an environment in explotasi massively.
In addition, the application of advanced technologies also tend to not recognize geographical borders environmental, social and cultural as well as political. Where there are natural resources that are needed to facilitate industrial activities supported by modern equipment, there is also modern machinery imported and used without regard to the wisdom of the environment (ecological wisdom) locals.
Socio-cultural inequality between rural and urban population is in turn also become one of the triggers the development of social norms and cultural values that befungsi as a guide and frame of reference that rural residents should nmampu profitably expand social networks. What is often forgotten is the collapse of old social institutions so that the population as a guide in conducting olahkehilangan. Even if social institutions were still there, but no longer work in arranging pendudduk everyday life. As if Terah social paralysis as the case of hot mud in Sidoarjo, illegal logging by city people, the confiscation of timber felled without a clear legal reasons, tenure by those who are not eligible.
Social paralysis that has led to prolonged social conflicts and disputes continued with violent or amok.
Regulation and legislation
A number of regulations and legislation issued by the government to protect the rights and obligations of all citizens, such as monogamous marriage law, the recognition of human rights and gender equality and the recognition of the inaugural "personal, individual ownership" over the family fortune into effect and affect the mental attitude of the population with all its consequences.
EDUCATION
Forces of change are very strong, but not realized by most people is education. Although education is an institution in any ssosial which primarily serves to prepare its members to be residents of a skilled and responsible for the establishment and strengthening of social norms and values prevailing culture, but its side effect is to open up the minds and curiosity of learners. Hence, education can be a force very large social changes due to nurture the creativity of learners to develop a renewal (innovation).
In addition to the innovative creativity that equip learners, educational success ladder leads a person to pursue employment opportunities for social mobility is concerned. In turn, social mobility to affect social interaction patterns or the prevailing social structure. The principle of seniority is not limited by age, but also education and job seniority are applied in managing the social relations within society.
Thus, school education as an element of strength changes introduced from outside, in turn force change from within society that very potential. Even in a pluralistic society with a multi-Indonesia culture, education has a dual function as a means of integration of the nation that instills mutual understanding and respect for fellow citizens regardless of origin and socio-cultural background, ethnicity, religion, regionalism, and racial. School education can also serve as a dampening the potential for conflict in a pluralistic society with a multi kulurnya, if organized properly and sustainably.
In addition to education, law enforcement is needed to menjain social justice and democratization of national life in the era of reforms that lead to socio-cultural perlembangan today. Most people do not realize the social impact of reforms, even those with loud demands realignment of social life and state. Real reform payload contains socio-cultural changes that must be anticipated with the community's readiness to receive updates that often lead to uncertainty in the process.
Without the rule of law in a transparent and accountable, socio-cultural developments in Indonesia will produce a social catastrophe that is more severe, because the loss of public confidence will encourage them to act alone as initial symptoms appear today. More berbahayalagi if social movements that characterized religious belief, such as the fair queen penatian arrival and movement of purification (purification) which forbids any reforms that are considered as "prickly" chaos.
Betapaun community must be prepared to face socio-cultural changes are intentional and implemented by the reform implies progress towards improving the livelihood of the society and state.
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